Electrical apparatus



May 8, 1928. 1,668,587

` E. DlcKEY ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Gginal Filed Dec. 18. 1922 Patented May 8, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST DICKEY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY, 0F DAYTON,

OHIO, A CORORTION OF DELAWARE.

ELECTRCAL Application Ie December 18, 1922., Serial T his invention relates to electrical systems wherein a dynamo driven by an internal combustion engine provides current forl lighting or power purposes and also tor the electrical ignition for the engine.

One object ot the present invention is to piovide a dynamo having a, plurality ot generating circuits, one circuit providing relatively high voltage, for example, il() volts, for a lighting or other work circuit, and another circuit ot' the dynamo providing a relatively low voltage, tor example, t3 volts, for supplying current to the ignition apparatus of the engine which drives the dynamo.

A further object of the invention is to provide a dynamo-electric machine which may be driven by an internal-coinbustion engine and which will generate a relatively high voltage current tor a worl; circuit, and a. relatively low voltage current to charge a. storage battery and to provide ignition current tor the engine, said dynamo beingoperable as a motor upon the delivery ot current from the battery whereby the dynamo may he used to crank the engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide automatic means which when manually set into operation will cause current to flow from the battery into the dynamo and into the ignition sytem in order that the engine may be started, and which will, when the engine becomes self-operative, automatically canse a low voltage current to be delivered to the battery and to the ignition system while a high voltage generating circuit. may he connected with a wort.. circuit.

A ifruther object to provide manual means tor discontinuing the operation ot the engine and dynamo, and which will so :ict upon the aforesaid automatic means that the circuits will he restored to inoperative condition and will bc ready tor the rting ot the engine when desircl.

@ther and further objcc s and advantages ot the. present invention will be apparent from the following description ot a preferred einbodin'ient thereof, reference being made to the accompanying drawing.

The hgure ot the drawing is a wiring diagram showing a preferred forni of the invention.

In the drawing, an internal-coinbustion engine 2O having a crank 20, a shatt- 21, and a flywheel 2Q drives dynamo 23. Eynaino APPARATUS.

No. 607,488. Renewed September 7, 1927 23 includes an armature core 24; carrying two armature circuits. One ot' these armature circuits is arranged to generate a relatively high voltage, tor example, l1() volts, and this circuit is connected with a commuta tor 25. This coro 24 carries an armature winding constructed to generate a relatively low voltage, lor example, 6 volts, and this winding is connected with a commutator Q6. rl'he shunt field winding 27 cooperates with the 1 10 volt armature circuit, the series iield winding 28 cooperates with the 6 volt armature circuit, and 29 is a series winding tor regulating purposes, this winding cooperating with the iield winding 27 and tends to maintain a substantially constant generator voltage over relatively wide range of current delivered to the work circuit. Brushes 3() and 3l cooperate with coinniutator 25, and brush 30 is connected with shunt field 27 which is connected by wire 3% with brush 31 and with series iield 29, wires and 38 connect respectively a brush 30 and the series tield 29 with a double pole switch 3T leading to a work circuit which includes main leads 3S and 39.

rl"he automatic controlling means designated as a whole by numeral l() includes a magnet winding 4i which, when energized, will attract a contact against the action oi springs into engagement with contacts Lland ilo. There are also two magnet windings lo and at?, the former when energized causing the contact i8 to move into engagement with contacts i9 and 5() against the action oi a spring 5l, and the latter when energized will overcome the magnetism produced by the magnet i6 and the contact 4S will be retracted by the spring 5l. T he conact 'fl-Sl is connected by wire 52 with brush The winding /lt is connected by wire 53 with wire 35 and by wire with wire Contacts and All; are connected with wire 55, and these contacts are connected by wire with a 6 volt battery, tor example,

5T which in turn is connected hy wire 58 Y and connects to a spark plug 67 attached t-o an engine cylinder. The manually operable controlling means designated as a whole by number 70, includes a stationary contact 71 connected by wire 72 with wire 35, a contact 73 movable against the action of a spring 74 into engagement with contact 71 and contact 75 movable against the action of a spring 76 into engagement with Contact 71. Contact 75 is connected by wire 77 to winding 47 and contact 73 is Connected by wire 78 to magnet winding 41.

The operation of the invention is as follows: To start the plant a contact 73 is moved into engagement with contact 71 thereby'Y causing current to flow from the battery through the relay magnet 41 through the following circuit Battery 57, wire 56, wire 55, Contact 44, relay winding 41, wire 78, cont-acts 73, 71, wire 72, wire 35, wire 58. The contact 42 will be moved into engagement with the contacts 44jand 45 and the following ignition circuit will be established: Battery 57, wire 56, wire 55, contact 44, contact 42, wire'60, wire 61, timer 62, ignition coil primary 63, wire 64.v The following cranking circuit willv be established at the same time: Battery 57 wire 56, wire 55, contacts 44, 42, 45, wire v8O, low voltage series field 28, brush 33, low voltage armature circuit connected with commutator 26, brush 32, wire 59, wire 58. y

After the engine has become self-operative the dynamo 23 will operate as a generator and the automatic device 40 will be so controlled by the functioning of the dynamo 23 as a Vgenerator that the manually controlled contact 73 may be released. This function of the automatic device 40 is as follows: The magnet winding 46 will beenergized through the following high voltage circuit: armature circuit connected with commutator 25, brush 31, wire 34, wire 54, magnet 46, wire 53, wire 35, brush 30, the work circuit not being connected, the exciting fieldy circuit will include the winding 27 which is connected between the brushes 30 and 31. The winding 46 being energized, the contact 48 will be drawn into engagement with the contacts 49 and 50 and the following circuits will be established between the low voltage armature circuit and the battery and the engine ignition apparatus. The battery charging circuit is as follows: Low voltage armature circuit connected with commutator 26, brush 33, wire 52, contacts 49, 48, 50, wire 55, wire 56, battery 57, wire 58, wire 59, brush 32. The ignition circuit is as follows: Commutator 26, brush 33, wire 52, contacts 49, 48, wire 60,wire 61, timer 62, ignition coil primary 63, wire 64, wire 58, wire 59, brush 32. Since these circuits are maintained while the coil 46 is energized then the operator may release the contact 73 and the spring 74 will pull 73 out of engagement with 71. Thereupon circuit connections with the magnet 41 will be broken and the ccntact 42 will be drawn by the spring 43 into the position shown.V

"While the low voltage armature circuitA may be supplying the battery and ignition apparatus, the higher voltage armature may be supplying the worlr circuit leads 38 and 39, the main switch 37 being closed. 1n order to` compensate for voltage drop across the armature lead due to an increase in current consumed by the work circuit the dynamo is provided with the compensating cumulative series field winding 29.

To stop the plant the contact 75 is pushed into engagement with the contact 71 and the magnet winding 47 will be energized through the following circuit: Commutator 26, brush 33, wire 52, contacts 48, 49, 50, magnet 47, wire 77, contacts 75, 71, wire 72, wire 35, wire 59, brush 32. The windings of the magnet 47 areso constructed that when energized by current by the 6 volt potential enough magnetism will be generated of 0ppositeV polarity of that generated by the winding 46 so that the fluxes 82 and 83 produce respectively by these windings and represented by arrows pointing in opposite direction in the drawings will substantially balance each other. Thereupon the contact 48 will be drawn out of engagement with contacts 49 and 50 by means of the spring 51 whereupon the engine will stop for lack of ignition.

lt is to be understood that any number of the manual operable controllers can be provided for example, a control 70 can be provided on each iioor of a house and one in each out building or if desirable one can be provided for each service switch. It will be noted that the plant can be stopped by any of the plurality of contacts regardless at which controlleri70 the plant was started,or the plant can be started at any controller 70 regardless at which controller the plant was stopped. ln this manner it is unnecessarv to return to that particular con` troller at which the last controlling operation was perforn'ied, to again controlvthe plant. Y

A voltage control comprising a solenoid core 86 and a coil 87 is provided, one of said coil leads being connected by wires 58 and 35 to brush30 and the other lead by wire 34 to brush 3l. rlhe solenoid core when actuated by the coil 87 will control a valve 88 located in the engine intake 89. Voltage Vcontrol 85 is adapted to control the speed of the engine and thereby the output of the generator in order to maintain the voltage of the generator substantially constant under varying load conditions.

it is apparent from the foregoing description that there has been provided an` elenctrical power plant from which current may be taken directly to operate motors or lamps Cil or other translation devicesand from which current at a relatively low voltage may be taken to charge a storage battery and to supply ignition current tor the engine. rlhis battery is not used to supply the work circuit but is ot' sullicient capacity to operate the dynamo ot the power plant as a motor for cranking the engine and at the same time to supply current tor ignition during the cranking operation. rl`his sort ot generating system is particularly usci'ul where current tor power and lighting purposes need not be continuously' available and where the engine ot' the power plant can be set into operation whenever current or power is needed. Therefore 'the storage battery is no larger than necessary to supply the starting ignition current and the cranking current.

Another important advantage of the invention is in the automatic device which by a single manual operation sets up the starting ignition and engine cranking circuits; and sets up the battery charging circuit, the engine running ignition circuit atter the engine has become self-operative. There is but one other manually controllable device and this is used in stopping the plant.

Vhile the 'orm ot` mechanism herein shown and described constitutes a preferred embodiment of one orm of the invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted and various changes and alterations made in the shape, size, and proportion ot the elements therein without depart ing from the spirit and scope ot the invention.

What is claimed is as follows:

l. In an electrical generating system, the combination with a dynamo and an internal combustion engine, said dynamo having' relatively high resistance shunt and low resistance series iield windings, and hr 7ing a relatively high voltage ari'nature cooperating with the shunt iield winding for supplying current to a work circuit, and having a relatively low voltage armature cooperating with the series l'ield winding whereby the dynamo may be operated as a motor to crank the engine, said low voltage armature being adapted to cooperate with the shunt iield winding to generate a current for battery charging; ot a storage battery; of means for connecting the storage battery' with the low voltage armature and series field for rendering the dynamo operable as a motor; and means tor rendering the series iield winding inoperative during the generating operation.

2. In an electrical generating system, the combination with a dynamo and an internal combustion engine, said dynamo having relatively high resistance shunt and low resistance series iield windings, and having a relatively high voltage armature cooperating with the shunt field winding 'tor supplying current to a work circuit, and having a relatively low voltage armature cooperating with the series field winding whereby the dynamo may be operated as a motor to crank the engine, said low voltage armature being adapted to cooperate with the shunt tield winding to generate a current for battery charging; of a storage battery; o means for connecting` the storage battery with the low voltage armature and series lield for rendering the dynamo operable as a motor; and means dependent upon the operation oit the engine 'tor rendering the series iield inoperative, and t'or connecting the low voltage armature in battery charging relation with the battery.

3. In an electrical generating system, the combination with a dynamo and an internal combustion engine, said dynamo havingy relatively high resist-ance shunt and low resistance series field windings, and having a relatively high voltage armature cooperating with the shunt tield winding tor supplying current to a work circuit, and having a relatively low voltage armature cooperating with the series ield winding whereby the dynamo may be operated as a. motor to crank the engine, said low voltage armature being adapted to cooperate with the shunt lield winding to generate a current for battery charging; ot" a storage battery; ot' means for connecting the storage battery with the low voltage armature and series field tor rendering the dynamo operable as a motor; a switch for renderingthe series i'ield inoperative and for connecting the low voltage armature in battery charging relation with the battery; a magnetic coil responsive to the voltage across the high voltage armature for actuating said switch; a second magnetic coil cooperating with said switch for rendering the engine inoperative; and means ior rendering said second coil operative.

ln an electrical generating syso'em, the combination with a dynamo and an internal combustion engine, said dynamo having relatively high resistance shunt and` low resistance series'tield windings, and having a relatively high voltage armature cooperating with the shunt tield winding for supplying current to a work circuit, and having a relatively low voltage armature cooperating with the series ield winding whereby the dynamo may be operated as a motor to crank the engine, said low voltage armature beingv adapted to cooperate with the shunt eld winding to generate a cnrrent for battery charging; orP a storage battcrj; of means for connecting sthe storage battery vith the low voltage armature and series iield for rendering the dynamo operable as a. motor; a switch for rendering the series tield inoperative and for connecting the low voltage armature in battery charging relation with the battery; a magnetic coil responsive to the voltage across the high voltage armature foractuating said switch;

`for exciting the machine While motoring;

of a storage battery; means for connecting the battery with the second named field Winding and the low voltage armature Winding to operate the dynamo as a motor for engine starting; and means for rendering said second field Winding ineffective during generating operation and for connecting the low voltage armature Winding with the battery for charging purposes.

6. In an electrical generating system, the combination with an internal combustion engine and a dynamo-electric machine having relatively high and relatively low voltage armature winding, said dynamo having a field Winding for exciting the machine While generating7 and having a field Winding for exciting the machine while motoring; ot' a storage battery of substantially the saine voltage as the relatively low voltage armature Winding; means for connecting the battery with the second named lield Winding and the low voltage armature Winding to operate the dynamo as a motor for engine starting, and means for connecting the low Voltage armature Winding with the battery for charging purposes.

ln testimony whereof I- hereto atiiX my signature.

' Y ERNEST DICKEY. 

